Warangal
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Warangal district.
Warangal వరంగల్ Orugallu Ekasila Nagaram |
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Coordinates: 18.0°N 79.58°ECoordinates: 18.0°N 79.58°E | |
Country | India |
State | Telangana |
Region | Deccan |
District | Warangal |
Former name | Orugallu |
Official Language | Telugu, Urdu |
Named for | Heritage |
Government | |
• Body | Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation(GWMC) |
• Municipal Commissioner | Sarfaraz Ahmad[1] |
• Commissioner of Police | Sudheer Babu[2] |
Area[3] | |
• Total | 406.87 km2 (157.09 sq mi) |
Area rank | 61st (India) 2nd (state) |
Elevation | 302 m (991 ft) |
Population (2015)[3] | |
• Total | 811,844 |
• Rank | 2 |
• Density | 2,331.44/km2 (6,038.4/sq mi) |
Demonym | Warangalite |
Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
Telephone code | +91-870-XXX XXXX |
Vehicle registration | TS–03[4] |
Ethnicity | Indian |
Website | Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation |
The city is known for its heritage and in late 2014 was included in the Government of India's proposed HRIDAY - Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana, along with eleven other Indian cities.[6] A few months earlier, the national government listed it among the 100 proposed smart cities that will be eligible for additional investment to improve urban infrastructure and industrial opportunities.[7]
Warangal is the second-fastest growing city in Telangana state, after Hyderabad. After taking control of 42 gram panchayats, its population has exceeded 1 million and this growth, plus its historical significance, caused the government to authorise the prefer Greater to the name of Warangal Municipal Corporation in early 2015.[8]
Warangal has been chosen as one of the heritage cities for HRIDAY - Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana scheme of Government of India.
Contents
Etymology
"Oru" in Tamil means 'single' and "Kal" in Tamil is referred as a 'stone'. There is no Telugu equivalent to Oru and Kal. The word "Orugallu" synonyms, one rock, which describes the city was carved out of a single large stone. The word "Ekashilanagaram" is other way of describing the name Orugallu which literally means same as "City Carved Out of Single Stone", used very commonly in the period of kakatiyan empire. As the time went on, orugallu was changed to "Warangallu" and finally settled as Warangal.[9]History
Warangal, then known as Oragullu, was the capital of the Kakatiya dynasty from 1195 CE until that ruling family was defeated by the Delhi Sultanate in 1323. The city was then renamed as Sultanpur.[10]The Kakatiyas left many monuments, including an impressive fortress, four massive stone gateways, the Swayambhu temple dedicated to Shiva, and the Ramappa temple situated near Ramappa Lake. The cultural and administrative distinction of the Kakatiyas was mentioned by Marco Polo. After the defeat of Prataparudra II, the Musunuri Nayaks united 72 Nayak chieftains and captured Warangal from Delhi Sultanate and ruled for fifty years. After the demise of the Nayaks, Warangal was part of the Bahmani Sultanate and then the Sultanate of Golconda.
The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb conquered Golconda in 1687, and it remained part of the Mughal empire until the southern provinces of the empire split away to become the state of Hyderabad in 1724, which included the Telangana region and some parts of Maharashtra and Karnataka. Hyderabad was annexed to India in 1948, and became an Indian state. In 1956 Hyderabad was partitioned as part of the States Reorganization Act, and Telangana, the Telugu-speaking region of Hyderabad state, which includes Warangal, became part of Andhra Pradesh.
Geography and climate
Warangal is located at 18.0°N 79.58°E. It has an average elevation of 302 metres (990 feet).Warangal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Administration
Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation
Civic administration is the responsibility of the Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation (GWMC), which oversees the three cities of Warangal, Hanamakonda and Kazipet. In July 1951 the city was upgraded to Special Grade Municipality status. Later, in July 1960, it was upgraded to Selection Grade Municipality. On 18 August 1994, the city was declared a municipal corporation.[17] On 28 January 2015, city was upgraded to Greater Municipal Corporation by the state government of Telangana[18]Presently, the GWMC covers over 407.71 square kilometres (157.42 sq mi).[19] City planning is governed by the Kakatiya Urban Development Authority, which was constituted in 1982. That body oversees development of infrastructure and other projects in the city.[20]
The former Warangal Municipal Corporation implemented some pilot projects, such as the Solid Waste Management programme, that were so successful that other corporations have since implemented them.[21][22] The city is divided into 58 political wards where each ward is represented by an area corporator.
Law and order
The urban police district, which is responsible for maintaining law and order in city and agglomerated areas around Warangal was converted into a Police Commissionerate by the state government in 2015.[23][24] Inspector General will be working as police commissionear who is also given magisterial powers. There are around 19 police stations present under warangal commissionerate.[25]Healthcare
The 1200-bed Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital is the largest hospital in the city. It also serves the needs of patients from the neighbouring districts of Khammam and Karimnagar.[26]Apart from major public hospitals such as those for maternity, chest and tuberculosis, there are many private specialist hospitals like Lifeline, Rohini, Jaya, Guardian, St.Ann's.[27]
Economy
Agriculture is the main economic activity with irrigation depending mainly on monsoon and seasonal rainfalls. Major crops are paddy, cotton, mango and wheat. Warangal benefits from the Godavari lift irrigation scheme which is designed to lift water from the Godavari river to irrigate drought prone areas in the Telangana region.[29]
The city hosts Asia's second-biggest grain market, located in Enumamula.[30] It is also attracting investors in information technology.[31] The incubation tower at Madikonda is likely to play a significant role in this development.[32]
Transport
Airway
Warangal had a domestic airport which was established in 1930.[33] Currently, no flights are operated from this airport. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Hyderabad is the nearest major airport and is 174 kilometres (108 mi) from the city.Railway
Warangal railway station is located on Delhi-Nagpur-Vijayawada-Chennai route at a distance of 14 kilometres (9 mi) from Kazipet Junction. It is administrated by South Central Railway zone. Kazipet town, Vanchanagiri, Hasanparthy Road are the other railway stations within Warangal city limits.
Road
Education
- Kakatiya University is a university of Warangal and has 471 affiliated colleges.[39]
- NIT Warangal, formerly known as Regional Engineering College[40]
- Kakatiya Medical College, renamed as Kaloji Health University in 2014, is a government medical college founded in 1959[41]
- Delhi Public School Warangal
Culture
Bathukamma
Bathukamma is a floral festival celebrated by women of warangal, worshipping the goddess with different flowers for nine days.[42] Though the festival is celebrated all over the state, it is famously known as major festival of warangal. After arranging different flowers in attractive manner which are available in the season, women carry their "Bathukamma" to nearest temple in their locality, after crowd gatherings they clap, sing and dance rhythmically around the Bathukamma.[43] Along with Bonalu, bathukamma is declared as state festival on 15 June 2014.[44]Medaram Jatara
Sammakka Saralamma Jatara or Medaram Jatara is a popular religious congregation in the honour of Goddesses which is celebrated at Medaram in Warangal district . It is said to be the largest religious congregation in India after Kumbha Mela.This 3-day festival attracts many devotees in the country.Cuisine
South Indian dishes includes Dosa, Vada, Puri, Idly are common breakfast items. Rice with variety of curries including curd is taken as main food. "Biryani" is a famous delicious food item which is served in all hotels, biryani available in the hotels of old city area of mandi bazar is very famous for its taste. Special food items Harees and Haleem are traditional food items available in the season of Ramzan.[45]Tourism
On 28 February 2013, Warangal was accorded World Heritage place status by UNESCO.[46]Gallery
References
- "TV9 - Warangal accorded World Heritage city status by UNESCO - Telugu TVTelugu TV". Telugutv.au.com. 28 February 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
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